The three cycles this tool draws were never a single theory. The 23- and 28-day rhythms come from Wilhelm Fliess, a Berlin ear, nose and throat surgeon who published them in 1897 after tallying the days on which his patients fell ill. Hermann Swoboda, a psychology professor in Vienna, arrived at similar periods independently in 1904. The 33-day intellectual curve came later still โ the 1920s โ from Alfred Teltscher, an engineering professor at Innsbruck who believed he saw a rhythm in how readily his students absorbed new material. Three men, three cities, three decades, no collaboration; the familiar chart exists only because someone later stacked their numbers on one set of axes. And Fliess had an attentive reader โ Freud wrote to him about periodicity from 1887 to 1904, and the surviving letters fill a Harvard volume.